United States: In the United States, local public health authorities in Santa Cruz County are alarmed by the emergence of Shigellosis as a significant health risk. They are closely monitoring an outbreak primarily affecting the unhoused community within the county.
Since late January 2024, the county has reported a total of 27 cases. Of these, 16 have been confirmed through laboratory tests, while 11 remain under investigation.
Shigellosis is caused by a bacterium called Shigella, which spreads easily from person to person, leading to symptoms such as diarrhea, stomach cramps, and fever.
Symptoms typically manifest one to two days after exposure and can persist for about a week. It’s important to note that even after recovery, the bacteria can still be transmitted to others for up to four weeks.
Health experts stress that the infection can be contracted through contaminated food, surfaces, or water, as well as through close contact with infected individuals, such as caring for a sick person or changing a diaper.
While most cases resolve without antibiotics, individuals with weakened immune systems are at risk of severe illness. Anyone experiencing symptoms should consult their regular healthcare provider.
Dr. Lisa Hernandez, Santa Cruz County Health Officer, emphasizes the importance of frequent handwashing with soap and water, especially after using the bathroom, changing diapers, or handling food, as a preventive measure against Shigella.
Although Shigellosis is a global concern, with millions of cases reported worldwide annually, the risk to the broader community in Santa Cruz County is currently deemed low. In the US alone, approximately 450,000 cases are reported each year.